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by Sanjeev Saraf Leave a Comment

Lithium Battery Fires: How To Decide If You Should Recall?

Lithium Battery Fires: How To Decide If You Should Recall?

In rare cases, lithium batteries can catch fire.

Lithium battery fires have resulted in recalls in the recent past – a few notable ones are indicated in the table below.

YearDeviceBattery MakerNumber of Devices RecalledNumber of Reported Incidents
Oct. 2000Dell NotebookSanyo27,0001
May 2001Dell NotebookN/A284,0001
Sept. 2002EV Global Motors Electric BicycleN/A2,0005
Oct. 2004Kyocera Cell-phoneCounterfeit1,000,000014
March 2005Apple NotebookLG Chem128,0004
June 2005Belkin GPSN/A10,30015
August 2005Nikon Digital CameraN/A710,0004
April 2006Disney (Memcorp) Portable DVD PlayerMcNair Technology / Unitech Battery102,00017
August 2006Dell NotebookSony4,100,0006

Source: Values in the table are taken from NY times article – “Dell Will Recall Batteries in PC’s”, Aug 2006. Further details can be obtained at Consumer Product Safety Commission website. Lithium battery fires are not a common place occurrence. Based on my survey, it appears roughly 1-10 lithium batteries per million battery population catch fire.Should You Recall Batteries If You Have An Incident?

Undoubtedly, product liability is a major concern; however, if you are considering a recall you need to answer the following questions:

  • Cause of the fire – was the battery failure caused by user’s abusive actions or was it an unprovoked failure?
  • Do the defective batteries belong to a particular manufacturing batch?
  • Is there a particular dominant failure mechanism that is initiating the battery fires?
  • What are the likely consequences and severity of the battery fire?
  • What kind of statistical confidence can be assigned to future failures?

Predicting Fire Incidents 

In order to predict potential failures,  one can use statistical analysis based on past incidents. For example, 10-fires occurred in previous million operating hours…now you can estimate the expected frequency of fire with a certain confidence level. However, what complicated predictions is that the frequency of fire incidents in the future may not follow the same rate as before. Particularly if you have a “bad batch” of product out there. Therefore, it is critical to understand the failure modes (manufacturing defects, progressive wear) to have a confidence in prediction of battery fires.

To make a recall decision on battery, you need to take into account the frequency of fires and  the resulting consequences.

Filed Under: Articles, on Risk & Safety, Operational Risk Process Safety

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