Hi all,
I’m asking for feedback here. I’m thinking about building a subscription service that sends the subscriber a CRE preparation question a day (maybe adjustable by subscriber … not sure how to do this yet). [Read more…]
Articles
Find all articles across all article series listed in reverse chronological order.
Why HALT is a methodology, not equipment
Kirk Gray, Accelerated Reliability Solutions, L.L.C.
It is easy to understand why the term HALT (Highly Accelerated Life Test) is so tightly couple to the equipment called “HALT chambers” systems. Many do not think they can do HALT processes without a “HALT Chamber”. Many know that Dr. Gregg Hobbs, who coined the term HALT and also HASS (Highly Accelerated Stress Screens), spent much of his life promoting the techniques and was also the founder of two “HALT/HASS” environmental chamber companies. [Read more…]
Sample Size Problem
Let’s work a sample size problem.
A random sample size, n, is to be taken from a large population having a standard deviation of 1″. The sample size is to be determined so that there well be a 0.05 risk probability of exceeding a 0.1″ tolerance error in using the sample mean to estimate μ. Which of the following values is nearest the required sample size?
a. 42
b. 106
c. 203
d. 384 [Read more…]
Sample size
I recently received a question concerning what sample size to use when assessing call center calls. Not a lot of information in the request, so my answer was rather general. And, thought it might provide some insight to others facing sample size questions of their own. [Read more…]
Why Things Fail
Just a short note today about a great high level article in Wired magazine. Robert Capps did a nice summary and review of the significance of reliability engineering, product failure and what we can do about it.
And he doesn’t mention MTBF – which is appropriate.
Websites for Reliability
note: if you know of a great online resource that isn’t on this list, please add a comments and we’ll add it to the list for all to share.
Shon Isenhour recently posted on Linkedin a question about online resources helpful for reliability engineers. I added my list and hadn’t seen any other links added. There must be more than the few I know about – what can you add to this list? [Read more…]
International Day of Failure
In light of the International Day of Failure, Oct 13th, let’s consider failure from a reliability engineer’s point of view. We work to understand and avoid product failures. When a product fails to deliver the desired performance attribute, it is tossed away, returned, replaced, repaired, or tolerated. This may occur before or after the product’s value has been achieved. [Read more…]
Dependability
Ran across an interesting graphic in a new book recently. It single-handedly placed dependability in its proper context. It is an umbrella term that includes most of what we commonly think of as reliability and the other ‘ilities.’ It encompasses the various connotations of dependable and reliable that are conveyed during common use. And, the term dependability permits the overarching context for defining very clearly the various [Read more…]
Root Cause Knowledge and Models
Two short questions to evaluate your knowledge of failure mechanisms (root causes) and common reliability models. The answers will be posted in a comment, later.
Which of the following failure root causes is most likely NOT due to power line variation (electronic-based product)?
A. Circuit design margin exceeded
B. Power dissipation
C. In-rush current response
D. Mechanical fatigue [Read more…]
Two Pumps Problem
Let’s say we have two identical pumps share a load in parallel. The failure rate for a pump in this mode of operation is 0.0002 failures per hour. If one pump has to carry the full load alone, that pumps failure rate increases to 0.0009 failures per hour.
What is the reliability of the two pump system over a 168 hour week of operation? [Read more…]
AQL decision
Recently I received a question related to setting an Acceptable Quality Level (AQL) for a sampling of fielded electricity meters. The question was on how to select the right AQL for use with the sampling plan. I was not sure from the question if the sample would determine if the population would be replaced or not (expensive), or simply an experiement to determine how the meters are doing after 15 years of service (information only). [Read more…]
Permutations and Combinations
A foundational element of probability and statistics is counting. How many ways could something occur? A simple example is a pass or fail criteria, thus when evaluating a product there are two possible outcomes. [Read more…]
Hypergeometric Distribution
In those situations where we sample without replacement, meaning the odds change after each sample is drawn, we can use the hypergeometric distribution for modeling. Great, sounds like statistician talk. So, let’s consider a real situation. [Read more…]
Poisson Distribution Calculation
Let’s say the results of software testing averaged three defects per 10,000 lines of code. The criteria for release is 90% probability of 5 or fewer defects per 10k lines.
If this product ready for release?
The Poisson distribution is appropriate here as it is useful for modeling defects per unit, count per area, or arrivals per hour. If the data, in this case, the defect count per lines of code to be modeled by the Poisson distribution, the probability of an occurrence (defect in this case) has to be proportional to the interval (lines of code in this case). Also, the number of occurrences (defects) per interval must be independent (more on statistical independence in another post). [Read more…]
Calculating Lognormal Distribution Parameters
The lognormal distribution has two parameters, μ, and σ. These are not the same as mean and standard deviation, which is the subject of another post, yet they do describe the distribution, including the reliability function. [Read more…]
