Facilitating FMEAs

“Team leadership is the secret that makes common people achieve uncommon results.” – Ifeanyi Onuoha

One of the key factors for successful application of FMEAs is skillful facilitation of FMEA teams. The skills needed for excellent facilitation are different from the skills needed to be a good FMEA team member.

Who can be a successful FMEA facilitator? Do you have to be an extrovert? Do you need inherent leadership abilities to lead a team? Can you learn to be an excellent FMEA facilitator? All of these questions, and many other topics, will be explored in the “FMEA Facilitation” series. This is the first article in the new series.

What is a facilitator?

A facilitator is “one who contributes structure and process to interactions so groups are able to function effectively and make high quality decisions. A helper and enabler whose goal is to support others as they achieve exceptional performance.” (Bens, Ingrid, Facilitating With Ease!)

What is an FMEA facilitator?

An FMEA facilitator is a person trained in both FMEA fundamentals and effective facilitation techniques.

The role of the facilitator is to:

1) drive the team through the FMEA process,

2) focus on the important areas that most impact customer expectations, experience and/or safety, and

3) support team members to do their best thinking.

The facilitator is not a passive position, but a proactive role, encompassing general leadership skills. It is important to know that facilitation and leadership skills can be learned. As you grow in this role, evaluating your facilitation skills on a regular basis helps you identify areas for improvement and track your progress.

How to Run Effective FMEA Meetings

We’ve all sat through poorly run meetings. They drag on and on, with little positive results. The difference between effective and ineffective meetings depends on the skills of the meeting leader and the norms of behavior of the attendees.

Start and end meetings on time

Publish and stick to agendas

Develop and get agreement on meeting “norms”

Always maintain focus on meeting objectives

Summarize results and follow-up actions at end of meeting

Prepare required documents, visuals, network access, software, etc.

Ensure decision-making options are clear

Encourage healthy member behaviors

Provide periodic process checks

Implement a process to create true closure

Question to readers: What has been your experience with well-run meetings?

Meeting Participant Norms for FMEA Teams

What about meeting participants? Here is an excerpt that highlights some meeting participant “norms”:

Arrive to meetings promptly as scheduled

Respect others’ opinions

Debate differences of opinion calmly

Take responsibility for assigned actions

Listen carefully to all ideas

Avoid doing emails, using cell phones or other personal devices during meeting time

Maintain focus on the agenda

Use “Parking Lot” if a topic is off agenda

Provide constructive feedback

Maintain equal opportunity for participation by all team members

Engage in no “war stories” or side conversations

Question to readers: Which “norms” of behavior are most important from your point of view?

Primary FMEA facilitation skills

There are specific facilitation skills for any aspiring facilitator to learn. The following are some of the primary facilitation skills he or she should master in order to effectively facilitate FMEA team meetings to the desired results.

Encouraging Participation in FMEA Meetings

– Gain a balanced involvement and participation from each and every team member, including introverts and extroverts

Controlling and Directing Discussion

– Know how to encourage discussion, how to limit discussion, and how to handle someone who dominates the discussion

Asking Probing and Thought-Starter Questions

– Direct questions to an individual or group to stimulate thinking, used to open up discussion and to bring it to a deeper level

Asking Thought-Starter Questions

– Ask for the elements of FMEA in different ways in order to help the team think deeply

Active Listening, Decision-Making, and Conflict Management

– Understanding thoroughly what another person is saying and why

Making Decisions 

Understand all sides of an issue and find a solution or determine a course of action that is supported by all team members

Conflict Management

– Learn the value of disagreements and how to manage them

Brainstorming, Creativity, and Facilitator Interventions

– Get a flow of ideas on the table before making decisions; most useful when a decision or solution is not easily forthcoming

Creativity

– Creates an environment that encourages and supports individual and team creativity

Facilitator Interventions

– Intervene in the flow of a meeting, when needed to accomplish objectives

Managing Time

– Move the team through the FMEA process, without wasting time)

FMEA facilitation roles and responsibilities

There is no universal agreement on the specific duties of an FMEA facilitator. The roles and responsibilities of the person who is chosen to lead the FMEA team are very company specific. The following are thought-starters that can be considered.

Determine the scope and timing of the project.

Establish and train FMEA team.

Ensure all pre-work is done before first meeting. [See Inside FMEA series on FMEA Preparation]

Perform FMEA analysis up through recommended actions.

Review FMEA recommended actions with management, for all high-risk issues.

Execute recommended actions.

Provide linkage with other processes, such as Test Plans, Process Control Plans, etc.

Verify FMEA Quality Objectives are met.

Review and approve critical supplier FMEAs.

Verify risk has been reduced to an acceptable level.

Next in the FMEA Facilitation Series: Encouraging Participation

The next article in the FMEA Facilitation series, titled Encouraging Participation, will discuss how to achieve balanced involvement and participation from every team member, including introverts and extroverts. Read Facilitation Skill #1: Encouraging Participation to dive into the specific techniques covered in that installment.